EMS扩充"势力范围"——合同制造商关注医疗外包市场

企业在选择制造商时会考虑很多因素,而且为了达成目标,通常需要实现某种信念上的跨越.但最终,Waters公司还是选择了将其一种主要产品的制造业务外包出去.该公司主要生产用于医疗、化工以及其他类分析的精密设备.     

Die Internationalisierung der Forschung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

需要应对的不仅是RoHS

在减轻电子设备的制造和废弃对环境的影响方面,欧盟的ROHS和“废弃电气与电子设备(WEEE)”法令起到了领路作用。中国、日本、韩国、美国等国家目前都在制订类似的法律。     

Effect of cognitive style and professional development on the initiation of radical and non-radical management accounting innovations

This study examines the effects of adaptive/innovative cognitive style, and professional development on the initiation of radical and non‐radical innovations by individual management accountants. Data are gathered through questionnaire and follow‐up interviews with practising management accountants. The results show that management accountants with a more innovative (adaptive) cognitive style tend to initiate more (fewer) radical relative to non‐radical innovations, and that this effect is amplified by professional development. The study has implications for research in management accounting innovation and for practice, including the importance of maintaining a balance of radical and non‐radical innovations in organizations, and of professional development.     

The Influence of Economists On the Federal Reserve Act

Many economists helped to lay the groundwork for the Federal Reserve. Some did important work analyzing the problems of the National Bank System and arguing for formation of a central bank in economics journals. At least as importantly, if not more so, some economists took an active role in the reform movement and provided help and advice with the actual Congressional bill. Among these are J. Lawrence Laughlin, who chaired a group that actively raised support for the Federal Reserve Act in Congressional districts, and H. Parker Willis, who served as an expert for the subcommittee which wrote the original draft of what became the Federal Reserve Act. More broadly, this episode illustrates the impact that intellectuals and ideas can have on actual events; the analysis contemporary economists did in academic journals and in more political activities before and after the panic of 1907 guided the actual formation of a working central bank (JEL B10, N21).     

THE COST OF THE U.S. SUGAR PROGRAM REVISITED

The article analyzes the welfare cost of the U.S. sugar program using a multimarket model of U.S. sweetener markets. The latter includes raw crops, sugar extraction and refining, and sweetener users (food-processing industries and final consumers). The authors address the industrial organization of food industries using sweeteners and treat the United States as a large importer. With the removal of the program, this article estimates (all figures in 1999 dollars) that in 1998 cane growers, sugar beet growers, and processors would have lost $307, $650, and $89 million, respectively; sweetener users would have gained $1.9 billion. World prices would have increased by 13.2%. The deadweight loss of the program is estimated at $532 million.     

A consumer education programme based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change

MONEY 2000? is a successful consumer education programme that was implemented by Cooperative Extension personnel in over two dozen states of the USA between 1996 and 2002. One of the unique features of this programme is that it was based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM), a framework that has been widely used to study health‐related behaviour changes such as smoking cessation. This paper first describes how the MONEY 2000? programme was developed around major constructs contained within the TTM. Findings are reported from a survey conducted with participants in the first two states that delivered the programme. The findings suggest that several change processes used by MONEY 2000? participants are associated with specific stages of change. In addition, there may be differences in behavioural changes between participants who increased their savings and those who reduced their debts.     

Texas Prototypes找准定位

居于印刷电路板(PCB)的设计与生产之间的工作实在是既耗时又耗精力的黑洞,正是这些环节需要重配置、重写、测试以及再测试等工作。Texas Prototypes抓住这些黑洞并且将之转化成了美妙的sweet spot(最佳位置)。